The Global Initiative For Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease...

Yet another system significantly impacted by COPD is the musculoskeletal system. Especially in patients with COPD and emphysema there is a high risk for osteoporosis. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (2017) explains osteoporosis can occur for several reasons. For example, individuals with emphysema expend a high amount of energy and calories to breathe; which can lead to weight loss, muscle wasting, and decreased in bone density. Furthermore, individuals who experience a COPD exacerbation are usually treated with systemic corticoid steroids; which greatly increases the likelihood of osteoporosis (p. 117). Despite this concern GOLD does still recommend systemic corticoid steroid use for exacerbations because†¦show more content†¦58-62). Albuterol is a short acting, and intended for use only in acute episodes of breathlessness. Duncan (2015) states â€Å"only 1 in 10 patients with a metered dose inhaler uses the correct technique† (p. 175 ). Therefore, especially with Albuterol HFA, it is important to teach both patients and their support persons the proper technique in using this inhaler with a spacer. Furthermore, it is important this teaching takes place at a time when the patient is not having an acute episode of breathlessness to ensure information is understood. Teach back, where a patient repeats back what they have just learn, is an effective method for ensuring correct inhaler technique. Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol Xinafoate (Advair Diskus 250 mcg/50 mcg) is an example of a combination long acting inhaled corticosteroid and a long acting bronchodilator. Turkoski, Lance, and Bonfiglio (2010), state the corticosteroid Fluticasone Propionate promotes â€Å"vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity [in the lungs]† ( p.799) These authors also explain Salmeterol Xinafoate â€Å"relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by acting on beta2receptors† [in the lungs] (p. 1618). Davis et al. (2017) f ound that patients in their study who did not adhere to long acting inhaled corticosteroid and a long acting bronchodilator therapy had significantly higher rates of COPD exacerbations; and subsequently much higher healthcareShow MoreRelatedChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( Copd )807 Words   |  4 Pagesrevealed hyperinflated lungs and a flattening of the diaphragm, consistent with COPD. Question: What are the treatment options available to patients with COPD, and how are individualized assessments used to determine the most effective therapy? Generate: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a respiratory illness that progressively worsens over time. 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