Contract Law Questions Essay

Max, an improvised law student placed the following advertisement in the Law Student Gazette: â€Å"For sale – Treital – Law of Contact, ? 5† Brian telephoned Max but he was not at home and Celia, Max’s girlfriend, answered the telephone. Brian asked her whether it was the latest edition. She replied that it was not. Brian then said he would give ? for the book and Celia replied that she was sure that was acceptable but for Brian to ring back later that evening. That night Brian telephoned Max. Max told Brian that the book was in excellent condition and that he would not accept anything less than ? 5 for the book. Brian, however, did not hear this because of a fault on the line. The next day Brian called at Max’s house with the ? 4 but Max refused to let him have the book Advise Brian 2. D placed a notice in a local newspaper offering a reward of ? ,000 to the first person to climb to the top of the monkey puzzle tree in his garden and take a photog raph of D’s garden. On Monday E was in the process of climbing the tree when he fell off. He was in hospital for four days. On Tuesday, F climbed to within three feet of the top of the tree but considered it too dangerous to proceed further as he was too heavy for the upper branches. On Wednesday, G was at the top. He was about to take the photograph with the special camera which G had purchased for. Especially for the purpose. D shouted, â€Å"Forget it! There is no money at all. The deal is off. † Later that day, D broadcast an advertisement on the local radio station informing everyone that the reward was no longer an offer. On Thursday, H, the son of D’s neighbor, climbed the tree, took the photograph and claimed the reward. He had not heard the broadcasts on the local radio station. On Friday, E returned to the garden and climbed the tree and took the photograph. Advise the parties.

People in Power Essay

Claim: In any field—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership. For Enterprise to move forward is only the objective. Virtually it all depends only on its Leaders and their Leadership. So, different Leader would have different issues on their mind and different ways to tackle them. Good leader would certainly do good for Enterprise and Enhance its future but, person experienced in certain fields could be worth preserving. Firstly, the assumption of steping down and givng new leadership a chance is an Experiment with various results. For instance, a Country where new leader are elected every five years. For first five year the leader in power would do substantial work in defence area of a country, he would sign new treaties, make new arms deals to safeguard the countries border , make new recruitments for military purpose, but this is not enough, a country needs improvements which is pervasive in various fields so it would certainly need revitalization of new leadership. Some political leaders may have issues like corruption, poverty on their preference list. Some would have foreign relations or education on their mind. Additionally, Business company would not want to loose a new leader who can really pull up companies future. For instance, the famous Steve jobs founder for â€Å"Apple† who gifted us mobiles, Pda`s, Laptops and who took Apple to a new heights worked for apple for nearly three decades. Likewise if a teacher is blessed pedagogue and very persuasive , makes an subject instresting, college would certainly want to keep him for longer time than others. Also, a good leaders showing their calmness and abilities in situations ,as leader should definitely benefit the enterprise, for example, â€Å"Iker Cassias† Captain of Real Madrid football club has been leading them for about five years now and is considered as Spains best. To sum up , Should new leadership revitalize an Enterprise could be true in some cases but not always. Also work results are to be studied to predict a good Leader, good leadership cannot be known in a day or two, it needs time to decide whether a person is good leader or not. So the relationship between success and new leadership is not a simple one but a complex one.

Development of Professionalism in new Registered Nurses Essay

Development of Professionalism in new Registered Nurses - Essay Example A welldressed appearance tends to convey a higher level of knowledge and a sincere interest in advancement; on the other hand, a disheveled worker gives the impression of being a disinterested, marginal performer (Townsel, 1996). In general, some registered nurses (RNs) have been perceived to be relatively unconcerned about first impressions because their employers often have policies that dictate dress codes and behaviors (Sullivan, 2004). As nurses move toward a professional practice, they are becoming more cognizant of how their appearance, behavior, and communication influence the first impressions of others. The first impression should be positive, communicating a message to others about the self. Initially, it communicates how the nurse feels and respects the self. Projecting a positive image communicates that the nurse cares about herself or himself; therefore, the impression is that he or she will "take good care of me." While the primary concern of the nurse may not be about projecting a positive image, first impressions are an important foundation in building a trusting relationship in a society that values physical appearance (Arnold & Boggs, 2004; Navarra, Lipkowitz, & Navarra, 1990; Sullivan, 2004). Business professionals have known for years that professional image is an important aspect to success. Numerous books and articles have been written about business attire and social skills. The closing of a business deal often relies on the relationships rather than the performance of excellent work. Because health care is a form of business, successful professionals must attract a s table, growing patient population in order to survive. Physicians have known for a long time that developing relationships with patients and projecting a positive public image helps build a practice; however, this may be a new experience for the entry-level nurse. Most nurses are institutional employees, but this does not change their professional status of responsibility and visibility. Nurses must consider the importance of the first impression, whether it is during their day-today practice, a job interview, a meeting, or a presentation. Additionally, nurses have an integral role in health care delivery in the United States, and they need to create a positive public image individually and collectively. Appearance, behavior, and communication have a cumulative effect on the professional image. The purpose of this article is todiscuss the nurse's professional appearance, and behaviors relevant to securing a position, making a professional presentation, or participating in meetings. Historical Perspective Historically, dress and behavior for students and practicing nurses were dictated strongly by dress codes and strict disciplinary protocols developed by hospital administrators in charge of nurses (Kalisch & Kalisch, 1996). Personality may have had little opportunity to emerge from the starch white uniforms and pulled back hair donned in a white cap (Arnold & Boggs, 2004; Sullivan, 2004). However, times have changed; most nursing students today are thrilled with the independence and career opportunities that have evolved for nurses at multiple levels, including those in advanced practice nursing. As the professional nursing arena

Bloodstain pattern analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bloodstain pattern analysis - Essay Example This was to prevent the destruction of the valuable and fragile evidence such as shoe prints, concealed weapons and bloodstains. We began to scrutinize and examine the crime scene by taking a walk into the trail of the crime scene. We preferred to use a video recording in documenting the events in the crime scene because these recordings provide a detail perspective that could not be easily perceived in sketches and photographs (Labe, Terry and Barton, 1983). The recordings was mostly focused on the victims surroundings such as the murder weapon, the orientation of the bed that he was murdered on, the blood stains on the victim and the surrounding environment. We did not made the assumption that the blood belonged to the same victim. In this case, it was possible that some of the blood stains gathered at the scene could have been that of the suspect which might have been caused by self-wounding. We documented some classic patterns at the scene to help with the investigation. This pattern included; cast-off Blood stains, the swipe marks on the victim, pattern transfer and the drip patterns (Labe, Terry and Barton, 1983). We also used photograph to document the events at the scene. This was accomplished before anything could be moved or touched at the scene. The photographs that were taken depicted the overall scene which was then followed by close-up and medium range views of the pattern. We included the scale of measure with the close-up photographs. Similarly, we employed sketches and diagram to indicate the position of the bed in relation to the significant and fixed object in the crime scene. During sketching we did not just focus on the immediate environment from where the impact was identified, but we also sketched the larger surrounding in order to shoot the shooting scene in its proper context. We photographed the blood stains, bullet fragments, bullets and the trigger cases in their place and had

Competing by Strategic Management in Hong Kong Telecommunication Dissertation

Competing by Strategic Management in Hong Kong Telecommunication - Dissertation Example To test whether or not the ten identified factos (i.e. network quality, network coverage, market price, product and service quality, ease of using, compatibility with other network software, compatibility with other network hardware, traditional mobile function, function of the internet charting tools, and Hutchison Telecom’s licence to sell Apple iPhoneTM) could help improve the competitive advantages of Hutchison Telecom, this study conducted an online survey study through SurveyMonkey. Based on the importance-performance analysis, the company should make its 3G mobile services more compatible with other network software and hardware, establish wider network coverage and improve the market price of its 3G mobile services. Aside from market expansion and continuous investment on R&D, the company should also maintain its business alliances with Apple Inc. Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.... 2 Table of Contents †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 I. ... Scope and Limitations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 II. Literature Review †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 15 a. Market Structure and General Overview of Hong Kong Telecommunication Industry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15 b. Telecommunication Services Available in Hong Kong †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 17 b.1 Mobile Services (MS) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18 c. Industry Analysis of Hong Kong Telecommunication Industry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 19 c.1 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 19 c.1.1 Threat of Entry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 20 c.1.2 Threat of Substitu tion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 22 c.1.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers †¦. 24 c.1.4 Bargaining Power of Buyers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 26 c.1.5 Competitive Rivalry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 29 d. History and Corporate Background of Hutchison Telecommunications International Limited (HTIL), Hutchison Telecommunications (Hong Kong) Limited (HTHK), and Hutchison Global Communication Limited (HGC) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 31 e. Business Performance of Hutchison Telecom †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 33 f. Internal and External Environment of Hutchison Telecom †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 34 f.1 SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 34 f.1.1 Strength †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 35 f.1.2 Weaknesses †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 37 f.1.3 Opportunities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 39 f.1.4 Threat †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 39 f.2 PESTLE Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 42 f.2.1 Political Issues †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 43 f.2.2 Economic Issues †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 45 f.2.3 Social Issues †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 47 f.2.4 Technological Issues †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 48 f.2.5 Legal

History of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of America - Essay Example The total population rose by 13 million within this decade to 76 million. By 1907, 1 million people were arriving from Europe every year. Industrialization came early in the United States and it forged ahead consistently. Between 1870 and 1914, industrial output trebled. The nation never looked back. Industries such as the automobiles made their way and quickly increased in value and output. The car industry was introduced into the United States by Henry Ford. Post 1945, American science and industry flourished. The U.S. economy quadrupled, and the real income of the average American family doubled. Today, the country is still a major power politically and economically, and is a world leader in technology and space research. Between 1965 and 1973, Americans fought in South Vietnam in an attempt to prevent the unification of the country under communist North Vietnam control. The war ended disastrously for the Americans under Richard Nixon. Nixon ordered the bombing of North Vietnam, but ultimately wilted under pressure at home and abroad.

Nazi Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nazi Germany - Essay Example European history exhibits myriad number of totalitarian practices before, during, and after the first half of the 20th century. In this respect, Nazi Germany became part of the totalitarian history in Europe. This followed the appointment of Adolf Hitler as the Chancellor of Germany on the 30th of January, 1933 (Paxton and Julie 317). Hitler and his party consolidated political power in Germany and controlled every aspect of people’s lives. As a result, Nazi Germany was not necessarily an anomaly of history, since there had been other totalitarian rulers before Hitler. For instance, Tsars government in Russia had centralized political power and authority even before Hitler was appointed as Germany’s chancellor. While totalitarian practices were not new in the history of Europe, Hitler had taken his rule to another step. Hitler’s form of leadership took totalitarian rules and practices to an extreme high end. He not only controlled the lives of the people in Germany, but also destroyed political institutions and eliminated all aspects of opposition in his leadership. The cultural, social, economic, religious, and political face of Germany critically changed over the years of Hitler’s rule (Paxton and Julie 342). Consequently, the impact of Germany’s history on that of Europe remains alive to date. The cultural and social aspects of Germany were not spared by Hitler’s rule, and the Nazi Germany critically reshaped these aspects. For instance, homosexual rights groups were restricted in the year 1933, Jehovah witnesses were massively arrested from the year 1936, habitual criminals were arrested and punished from 1937 onwards, employment of Jews was banned in the year 1938, and Jewish businesses were sold to Aryans (Paxton and Julie 359). These among other activities characterized the kind of life that people lived in Germany, following the

Judicial Activism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Judicial Activism - Essay Example By interpreting, the judge is equipped with knowledge to decide what applies in a particular case. The decision must also be constitutional rather than a biased one. (Scalia, 1997)This is what is referred to as strict constructionism or strict constructivism. The judge must first acquire the meaning of a particular clause of the constitution then apply it in the ruling. The use of strict constructionism is recommended where the provisions of the constitution are unclear, ambiguous or absurd. On the other hand, one may view the constitution as a self-fulfilled set of guidelines to govern any ruling.in the event that there are no ambiguous or the clarity of the provisions is spot on, the judges are expected to strictly apply the exact meaning in the ruling. (Forte, 1972) One of the issues that arise with interpretation of the constitution by the judges is expansion of the laws through implications. Justice, reason and fairness may fail to materialise if the judges fail to restrain from expansion of the law through implication. Abortion has been one of the most contentious and sensitive issue over a period of time. Judicial involvement is rampant and the most publicly highlighted case is the Roe v.Wade case. The outcome of this case was the declaration of access abortion as being a fundamental right of any woman upon determination of foetal viability. (Craig, 1993) Consequently, the conditions determining foetal viability became very conflicting. Up to now, different states continue to set up rulings concerning abortion due to their own definition of the term â€Å"foetal viability†. For instance, the Supreme Court is under intense pressure to rethink about the legal conditions as to when an abortion can be performed. Various petitions have been raised by different states prompting the judicial system to re-evaluate its position as expressed in the Roe vs. Wade case. In this case,

Liquid Based Cytology are they fail safe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Liquid Based Cytology are they fail safe - Essay Example Infact, every nurse-patient encounter is unique and many nursing problems have no fixed solutions. Reflection is a very important and core part of nursing training and education. The current trends and advancements in the profession of nursing have forced the profession to look for effective measure of effective practice, the most important of which is reflective activity. Advances in the 21st century are seeing many new developments in the field of healthcare forcing the nursing faculty to reinforce effective and appropriate education. This becomes of primary importance by virtue of the nature of the profession nursing is. As such, the primary goal of nursing is to provide quality health care to patients. High standards of competence can be maintained by the nurses through appropriate evaluation and examinations of one's own activities and performance, through clinical reflection. Reflection is the process by which a person evaluates and examines one's own thoughts and actions. Refl ective practice is very essential for nursing clinical practice because it helps the nurse to understand, assess and learn through the experiences during clinical practice (Burns and Grove, 2005). ... Reflection using Gibb's model of reflection The frameworks make the process of reflection easy. There are many frameworks. Gibbs model is a reflective cycle which is a straight forward and recognized framework for reflection wherein it enables clear description of the situation of the patient, the analysis of feelings, evaluation of the experience, analysis to make sense of the experience, conclusion where other points are considered and reflection upon experience to examine what you would do if situation arose again. Description of the situation involves recollection of the condition of the patient, the signs and symptoms, and the initial evaluation parameters when the patient got admitted. Analysis of feelings involves evaluation of the feelings of the nurse towards the patient and also the feelings of the patient during the course of treatment. Evaluation of experience involves evaluation of the negative and positive actions of the nurse at that particular situation. Analysis invo lves evaluation of the impact of the actions of oneself on the condition of the patient, whether the actions cause improvement or deterioration of the condition of the patient. Description 40 year old Lucy (Name changed due to confidentiality reasons according to NMC code) was referred for cervical cancer screening. Lucy apparently had no health problems. She was mother of 3 children. She was accompanied by her husband. Lucy was apprehensive and nervous about the procedure. She had many doubts regarding the test. She asked me whether the test had any side effects, what were the benefits of the test, whether the test was fail safe and as to what would be the next step in case

Ascension of Jesus Essay Example for Free

Ascension of Jesus Essay The Poison Tree I was angry with my friend I told my wrath, my wrath did end I was angry with my foe I told it not, my wrath did grow and I watered it in fears Night and morning with my tears And I sunned it with smiles And with soft deceitful wiles And it grew both day and night Till it bore an apple bright And my foe beheld it shine And he knew that it was mine And into my garden stole When the night had veiled the pole In the morning glad I see My foe outstretched beneath the tree Rhyme scheme, metaphor, symbolism In this poem there are William Blake has used three different literary terms. One of them is a rhyme scheme, which is used in almost all of William Blake’s poems. The rhyme scheme of this poem is AA BB and continues this way in the other stanzas of them poem as well. In the second stanza he says â€Å"I watered it in fears †¦ and I sunned it with smiles†; here William Blake is using a metaphor to compare his anger to a plant or tree. He describes how he let his anger toward an enemy grow. Symbolism The third literary device William Blake used symbolism. The title of the poem, â€Å"the poison tree† itself is symbolism which represent the anger of the speaker. Mad Song The wild winds weep  and the night is a-cold Come hither, Sleep and my griefs infold But lo! The morning peeps over the eastern steeps and the rustling birds of dawn the earth do scorn Lo! to the vault Of paved heaven With sorrow fraught My notes are driven They strike the ear of night Make weep the eyes of day They make mad the roaring winds And with tempests play Like a fiend in a cloud With howling woe After night I do crowd And with night will go I turn my back to the east From whence comforts have increasd For light doth seize my brain With frantic pain There’s alliteration = wild winds weep Personification = wind is weeping. Rhyme scheme = AB AB CC DD In this poem there are a few literary devices. One of the first ones I identified was alliteration. In the first line of the first stanza the speaker says â€Å"Wild winds weep†, this is alliteration because all three words start with the letter W, and there is a repetition of the consonant sound. This is also personification because the wind is given human qualities’ the speaker says that the wind is weeping, so there therefore it’s and alliteration as well as personification. In this poem there is also a rhyme scheme, which is AB AB CC DD, which continues throughout the rest of the poem. London - I wander thro’ each charter’d street near where the charter’d Thames does flow And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe In every cry of every Man In every Infants cry of fear In every voice: in every ban The mind-forg’d manacles I hear How the Chimney-sweepers cry Every black’ning Church appalls And the hapless Soldiers sigh Runs in blood down Palace walls But most thro’ midnight streets I hear How the youthful Harlots curse Blasts the new-born Infants tear And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse. * Imagery, symbolism, repetition, rhyme scheme In this poem there are four literary devices. There is a rhyme scheme which is AB AB, which continues throughout in the rest of the poem. There is also repetition in this poem, William Blake repeats the word â€Å"every† in the second stanza to put an emphasis on the fact that everyone is suffering, and not just a small group of people. He also repeats the words â€Å"cry† and â€Å"chartered†. The first line of the third stanza â€Å"chimney- sweepers cry† symbolizes how just like the chimney sweepers, everyone is being forced to do hard labour. The second line of the third stanza â€Å"every blackening church appals† is also symbolism because the word blackening represents corruption in the society. Imagery While reading the first stanza an image of a person walking down a chartered street is created in the reader’s mind. The reader imagines a dark street with people doing hard labour and frightened expressions on their face. William Blake uses words such as, â€Å"cry†, â€Å"weaknesses†, â€Å"woe† and â€Å"blackening† to show the hostility and corruption in the society. This society is the kind of place where there is a lot of injustice, a place where the people are crying out and are forced to do very hard labour. Holy Thursday ’Twas on a Holy Thursday their innocent faces clean The children walking two two in red blue green Grey headed beadles walk’d before with wands as white as snow Till into the high dome of Paul’s they like Thames waters flow O what a multitude they seem’d these flowers of London town Seated in companies they sit with radiance all their own The hum of multitudes was there but multitudes of lambs  Thousands of little boys girls raising their innocent hands. Now like a mighty wind they raise to heaven the voice of song Or like harmonious thunderings the seats of heaven among Beneath them sit the aged men wise guardians of the poor Then cherish pity, lest you drive an angel from your door -Allusion reference to religion â€Å"Holy Thursday† -Similes -Oxymoron In this poem there are four literary devices. The rhyme scheme of this poem is AABB in the first and the following stanzas. There is an allusion in this poem which makes a reference to Ascension Day. In this poem it is called Holy Thursday because Ascension Day is supposed to be the Thursday 40 days after Easter day. This day commemorates the ascension of Christ into heaven. Another literary device used in this poem is oxymoron, which is in the second line of the third stanza. It says â€Å"harmonious thunderings†, and this is an oxymoron because usually when I person talks about thunder they describe it as loud and fearful, but in the poem it is said to be harmonious. There’s also a simile in this and it is in the third line of the first stanza. â€Å"Wands as white as snow† is a simile because it’s comparing two unlike things using the word as. My Pretty Rose Tree A flower was offered to me Such a flower as May never bore But I said Ive a pretty rose tree And I passed the sweet flower oer Then I went to my pretty rose tree To tend her by day and by night But my rose turned away with jealousy And her thorns were my only delight Literary devices: * Rhyme scheme * -Symbolism * -Alliteration * -Allusion * Oxymoron * Metaphor * Personification * Repetition * -Similes Lyric- Robert Frost – Fire and ice Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what Ive tasted of desire I hold with those who favour fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice Is also great And would suffice. The theme of this poem is about the end, and more specifically, of this world. When the author says â€Å"Some say the world will end in fire, some say in ice† he is telling the reader about the ways that they heard the world was going to end, which is either in fire or ice. The author favours fire over ice, but says that â€Å"if it had to perish twice† by the destruction of ice that, it would suffice for the author. Meaning, that would also do for him. Ballad- Allen Ginsberg-When I died When I died, love, when I died my heart was broken in your care; I never suffered love so fair as now I suffer and abide when I died, love, when I died. When I died, love, when I died I wearied in an endless maze that men have walked for centuries, as endless as the gate was wide when I died, love, when I died. When I died, love, when I died there was a war in the upper air: all that happens, happens there; there was an angel by my side when I died, love, when I died. The theme of this poem is of love and death. The speaker is talking to their loved ones about how when they died, they claimed to have seen things, such as, â€Å"an endless maze†, â€Å"a war in the upper air† and â€Å"an angel by their side†. When the speaker says that their heart was broken in their loved ones care and that they had never suffered love so fair, they are indirectly telling the reader that they did not regret their death because it was for the ones that they loved. Also, the reader is told directly that this poem is about love and death by the first line, itself, which is â€Å"when I died, love, when I died†.

Speed Acceleration And Velocity

Speed Acceleration And Velocity In this chapter we will look at the concepts of speed, acceleration, and velocity. As we all know gravity is a large factor in the acceleration of an object. For the purposes of this chapter we will differentiate between linear and vertical acceleration as being objects that move linearly or horizontally i.e. linear acceleration, versus objects that fall, fly, or are thrown etc. i.e. vertical acceleration. Vertical acceleration is much more governed by the force of gravity and is covered in greater detail in chapter 12 Newtons Laws. A short section at the end of the chapter addressing vertical acceleration is however included to put the area into context. You may have heard the old adage Speed kills. And you know whether you are driving your car or playing sport its a dangerous variable. Fast athletes are very difficult to handle, as are fast cars. However, having speed is of vital importance in sports. In this chapter well look at speed, velocity and acceleration and the factors that influence them. Speed, acceleration and velocity are all different. If you have ever watched a 100 meter race, you will notice that some athletes start faster than others, so their acceleration is different. Athletes finish the race at different times so their speed is different and athletes reach top speed at different stages so their velocity is different. The key terms to be covered in this chapter are speed, acceleration, velocity, distance, displacement, vertical and horizontal acceleration and velocity. The variables of speed, acceleration, displacement, etc. are about linear kinematics. Kinematics is a general term related to describing motion. Kinematics is also a branch of mechanics (specifically dynamics) that evaluates moving objects. In order to accurately describe kinematics there are certain terms that we must fully understand. They include the terms mentioned above (speed, acceleration, and displacement) and distance, velocity and position. Accurate understanding of these terms will allow us to accurately describe the movement of any object. There is often a lot of confusion about the terms acceleration, speed, and velocity. We often use the term speed in everyday language to imply all three terms and the word fast is an even more general term. Consider the following: A person can be moving fast and not be accelerating. A person can accelerate fast and not have a high velocity or high speed. A nice sporting example was the great Boston Celtics player Larry Bird. Larry Bird was very quick to accelerate over three or four steps, was not very fast at his top speed. So while Larry was very quick and dangerous over 3-4 steps, he would not make a good sprinter because his top end speed was not high. So if an object is accelerating, it is changing its velocity. Acceleration has to do with the change in how fast an object is moving. Therefore, if an object is not changing its velocity, it is not accelerating. We know that distance and displacement have different meanings. The same is true for speed and velocity. Speed can be considered as the rate at which an object covers a certain distance. Objects that move slowly cover distances in long periods of time, i.e., low speed. An object moving quickly covers distance in shorter amounts of time, i.e., high speed. If an object is not moving at all it has zero speed, zero velocity and zero acceleration. Let us consider some of these simple terms in more detail. Position: Position is simply the location of an object in space. You could consider it using coordinates on a map for example, or on a field, or gymnasium. Displacement: Displacement is simply the straight line distance an object has travelled. Distance: Distance is how far an object has travelled in any direction. It is also viewed as the total amount of displacement (regardless of ending position). Look at this simple example. Lets say a basketball court from baseline to baseline is 25m. If a player runs baseline to baseline and back what is his displacement and distance? Distance. This is the easy one since he ran up and down the court so that is 25m + 25m = 50m. Displacement. Since the player ran down the court and back again he ended up in the same place he started. So even though he covered a distance of 50m his displacement is actually zero, since he is back where he started. Lets say the player now runs up and down the court twice. His distance covered would be 25m + 25m + 25m +25m = 100m. Since he ended up back where he started his displacement is still zero. Finally, lets say the player runs from one baseline to the other and stops. In this case both his displacement and distance are the same at 25m. For the most part we use distance rather than displacement to describe movements as it is difficult to correctly measure displacement as we make a lot of turns when we travel. You say displacement is really like the old saying as the crow flies which means straight line. For example, the distance you travel in a car from New York City to Boston might be 250 miles (but your displacement is only 175 miles). When you drive in a car you get on the highway and follow the roads around the coast, over bridges, around hills, around towns etc. However, when you fly the plane flies right over everything in a straight line and you end up only travelling 175 miles (your displacement). Speed Speed is a very general term. Speed is a scalar quantity and is described as Distance divided by time (D/T, where D=distance and T=time). Scalar implies that speed has magnitude but not necessarily any direction, for example temperature or volume. People often use speed and velocity interchangeably but they are different. Speed relates to the distance an object has traveled, while velocity refers to the displacement that has taken place. So, the speed of an object tells us how far an object has traveled in a given amount of time but doesnt tell us anything about the direction in which it traveled. It all sounds a little heavy on the definitions but these are important. Therefore: Average speed = Distance traveled (m) Time (s) Now there are also different types of speed. We refer to them as average speed versus instantaneous speed. When an object is moving it often changes its speed (or direction) during its motion. When there is a change in speed we can alter our definitions. Instantaneous speed is the speed at any given instant, while average speed is the average of all the instantaneous speeds. For example, lets say a runner runs 400m in 60 seconds and crosses the line at 18 kmh or 5 m/s. This means his average speed over the 400m was 6.66 m/s even though he crossed the line at 5 m/s which is his instantaneous speed at the finish line. In other words, he was slowing down as he was getting to the end. If you have ever ran a 400m race then you will now how tired you are at the end and are definitely slowing down. How did we do these calculations? Average speed = Distance/time 400m/60 seconds 6.66 m/s The instantaneous speed recording of 5 m/s would have been measured with a radar or timing device. You could also look at various split times for different portions of the race. Many coaches do in fact do this, so a 400m coach might look at each 100m split and look at both the acceleration and deceleration patterns and average speeds during each of the four separate 100 meters. Here is another problem for you to try. Can you calculate the average speed of a swimmer that completes the 200m butterfly in 2.15 seconds? Answer: 2.15 seconds = 135 seconds. So 200m/135 seconds = 1.48 m/s A 400m freestyler swims the race in 4.10 seconds. The 200m split was 2.02 seconds. Can you calculate the following? a. What was the swimmers average speed for the race? b. What was the difference in speed for the first 200m versus the second 200m? Answer: a. 400m/250 seconds = 1.6 m/s b. First 200m split = 1.64 m/s Second 200m split 1.56 m/s As you can see, the swimmer slowed down over the second 200m. Velocity Velocity is somewhat similar to speed but velocity involves both direction and speed. So, whereas speed is a scalar quantity, velocity is a vector quantity, that is, it has both magnitude and direction. Velocity also uses displacement as opposed to distance. Remember displacement is measured as the straight line distance an object travels from starting to ending position. Velocity is direction sensitive since it is dependent upon displacement. Therefore, when you calculate velocity, you must also keep track of direction. Therefore, if you say an airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh, you would actually be a little vague. You should really say the airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh North. So, speed doesnt worry about direction, velocity does. Velocity is a positive number as we dont have negative velocity. So to summarize, a airplane traveling at 600 kmh as a speed of 600 kmh. The same airplane has a velocity of 600 kmh, North. Finally, the same airplane probably had little acceleration in the middle of its trip as it would only need positive acceleration and negative acceleration during take off and landing. Here is an interesting and challenging little problem for you to solve. Can you fill in the following table with acceleration, speed, and velocity data? We know the following, the direction of travel is south and acceleration doubles every second. If youre feeling confident you can also try and calculate the total distance that was covered over the 6 seconds. Hint! You can use the velocity for each second to help you. Average velocity = Displacement Time Let try some additional calculation examples: For example, if an athlete runs around a 400 meter track in 50 seconds we can calculate numerous factors. What was the distance traveled? What was the displacement? What was the average speed? What was the average velocity? 1. What was the distance traveled? Answer: Easy enough = 400 meters 2. What was the displacement? Answer: Since the athlete ended up in the same place as they started, displacement is equal to zero. 3. What was the average speed? Answer: Speed = Distance/Time = 400 m/60 seconds = 6.66 m/sec 4. What was the average velocity? Answer: Velocity = Displacement/Time = 0/60 seconds. In this case we end up with a value of zero and in this scenario average speed is a better indicator of overall performance. In many situations we actually calculate average velocity as speed because we cant gather the correct information to calculate speed. For example, if a punt returner catches the ball on the 20 yard line and then avoids a few tackles to ultimately score a touchdown twelve seconds later, we assume the punt returner ran 80 yards. In fact, they may have run 100 yards with all the turning and weaving but we cant accurately calculate the true distance traveled and instead use displacement. For our purposes in sports, thats okay. You try the following problem. Review Problems Can you accurately calculate average speed, velocity, distance and displacement for each of the following situations? Hint: You may not be able to calculate them all accurately. Problem: 1. A punt returner catches the ball on his own 40 yard line and scores a touchdown nine seconds later. 2. A 100 meter sprinter runs the 100 meter in 10.0 seconds flat. Acceleration The law of acceleration is Newtons second law and basically states The change of motion of an object is proportional to the force impressed and occurs in the direction in which the force is impressed. So far we have talked about speed and velocity and performed some calculations. However, while speed and velocity are valuable components, they tend to provide us with summary information and very little about specific detail. For example, if we consider the data for a 200 meter race run in 20 seconds we know that average speed was 10 m/sec. However, we would not know any information about who accelerated the fastest or who was leading after 100 meters. This information is also important as it helps with identifying strength and weaknesses in athletes and in developing training programs for particular athletes. The measurement of acceleration is important. Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity. Therefore, when acceleration is zero, velocity is constant. So when an object changes speed either by slowing up or down, or changes direction, it is accelerating (or decelerating). We can calculate acceleration by measuring the difference in velocity over the time it took for that ch ange in velocity to occur. Consider this: If you were to watch a 100M race the person leading at the 50M mark doesnt always win the race. The reason for this is that runners have different acceleration and deceleration rates, in other words their speed changes. Athletes vary dramatically in their acceleration. Some athletes are very fast over 40M but not over 100M and vice versa. So: Acceleration (a) = Velocity2 Velocity1 Where V2 is velocity at T2 Tim Where V1 is velocity at T1 Sometimes you will see this presented as the change in velocity (Delta sign à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  ) or the change in time (à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T) A = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  V à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  T Look at the following acceleration example. Question: A sprinter leaves the starting block at 2.5 m/s. One second later they are traveling at 5.5 m/s. What is the acceleration rate? Answer: V2 V1 = 5.5 m/s 2.5 m/s = 3 m/s squared T 1 You will note that we end up with meters per second squared as our answer would really be presented as 3 m/s/s. Heres another problem to try. Question: A punt returner catches the ball standing still and begins to return. Two seconds later his velocity was 5 m/s. What was his average acceleration over the first two seconds? Answer: V2 V1 = 5 m/s 0 m/s = 3.5 m/s squared T 2 So far we have looked at relatively straightforward examples of speed, acceleration and velocity in that they have all been examples of horizontal movement. Now let us discuss the vertical components of projectile acceleration, speed and velocity. Factors Affecting Acceleration Linear acceleration is affected by many factors and you will recall from chapter ? that the mass of an object is a very important one. Heavier objects accelerate more slowly with a given force. This has to do with both inertia and mass. Heavier objects are harder to both accelerate and decelerate. Think about how easy it is to throw a basketball versus a medicine ball. There are some other points to consider when looking at acceleration, speed, and velocity. First, we now know the units for velocity are meters per second (m/s) and meters per second squared for acceleration (m/s/s). For speed they are also m/s. Since acceleration (like velocity) is a vector quantity, it also has direction associated with it. The direction of acceleration depends on two factors: a. Whether the object is speeding up or slowing down b. Whether the object is moving in a negative (upwards) or positive (downward) direction We can simplify this by saying that if an object is slowing down then its acceleration is in opposite direction of its motion. If it is speeding up then its acceleration is in the same direction as its motion. Therefore: Acceleration (m/s2) = mass (kg)/force (newtons) Vertical speed, acceleration and velocity If you were to throw a ball up in the air and then catch it again at the same height as you released it, how would the ending velocity be? Would it be greater, less, or the same as the release speed? If you guessed the same you would be correct. You see, all objects, whether traveling vertically or horizontally, are subjected to the constant force of gravity (9.81 m/s2). This means that as soon as the ball left your hands it started to negatively (de)accelerate at 9.81 m/s2 until it had no more velocity. Then, it started to positively re-accelerate over the same distance (and time) at a rate of 9.81 m/s2 until you caught it again. This is a very neat relationship as it allows us to make many calculations based on this constant acceleration force. Projectiles are subjected to both vertical and horizontal components in their motion. The horizontal components are affected by the mass of the object and the acceleration force as previously mentioned. The vertical components are also affected by these two factors plus gravity. Consider this statement: A ball shot horizontally (at zero degrees) has the same vertical component as a ball that is simply dropped with no horizontal velocity. What this means is that if you were to throw a pass from your chest and it hit the ground 15 meters away 1.5 seconds later, and at the same time drop a second ball straight down from the same height, they would both hit the ground at the exact same time. What this is showing us is that the force of gravity component is acting consistently regardless of whether the ball has a horizontal component or not. In other words adding a horizon tal acceleration component does not affect in any way the force of gravity. Remember also that gravitational acceleration is a vector quantity comprising both magnitude and direction and acceleration is a squared variable to the magnitude of the force of gravity. This means that for every second an object is in free fall it will accelerate by ad additional 9.81m/s2. Thus the total distance travelled is directly proportional to the square of the time. Or we could say that if an object travels twice the time it will travel four times the distance. If an object travels for three seconds it will cover nine times the distance, for four seconds it is sixteen times the distance travelled in the first second. Look at the following. A coin is dropped from a cliff. The table shows how fast it is travelling at different time points. Question: A boy drops a ball from a balcony and records a time of 3 seconds for the ball to hit the ground. At what velocity did the ball hit the ground? Answer: 29.43 m/s How do we get this answer? Well, remember that gravity acts as a constant 9.81 m/s2. What this means is that for each second the ball is in flight it accelerates an additional 9.81 m/s. So: Insert schematic to demonstrate after 1 second = 9.81 m/s after 2 seconds = 9.81 m/s + 9.81 m/s = 19.62 m/s after 3 seconds + 19.62 m/s + 9.81 m/s = 29.43 m/s This is a simple illustration of the concept. Next question, what velocity would the ball have to be released at ground height for the boy to catch it on the balcony? Answer: A minimum of 29.43 m/s. The answer is the same because gravity and acceleration (or deceleration) is working to the same effect when the ball is moving upwards. This is sometimes referred to a negative acceleration. Question. A boy is standing on a balcony and is curious about how high the balcony is from the ground. The boy drops a ball and records the time it takes to hit the ground. It took 3.2 seconds for the ball to hit the ground. The boy concludes that the balcony is 66.7m high. How did he work it out? Well at the end of the first second the ball was travelling 9.81m/s, at the end of the second the ball was travelling 19.62m/s, at the end of the third second the ball was travelling 29.43m/s. If you add these three distances together you get 58.86 meters travelled after three seconds. If the ball travelled another full second it would travel another 39.24m, but it only travelled in this zone for 0.2 sec. So, 39.24m x 0.2sec =7.84m. Now we add the 58.86m + 7.84m = 66.7m, and thats our answer. There are some other factors to consider with vertical projectiles. The pattern of change in vertical velocity is symmetrical about the apex of the trajectory. So not only does the object land at the same speed it was released, it also follows the reverse flight path on the way down. Using these constant parameters we can now extend our calculations into more complex situations. For example, lets say you are watching a volleyball game in a high school gym with a 10 meter high ceiling. An opponent spikes the ball over the net and a player digs the ball at ground level at which time the ball has a velocity of 15 m/s. The question is will the ball hit the ceiling? To solve for this we can use an equation that combines several variables we talked about already. Where: V2 = velocity at time 2 V1 = velocity at time 1 a = acceleration t = time In order to answer this question we need to look at what we know and what we want to know. Well, we want to know the distance (d) the ball travels. We already know a = 9.81 m/s2 and we know V1 = 15 m/s. We also know that at the apex the velocity is zero, so V2 can be set to zero. So now our formula looks like this: 1. 0 = V1 squared + 2ad 2. 0 = (15 m/s) squared + 2 (-9.81 m/s squared) x d Now if we rearrange to solve for d our formula looks like: = (19.62 m/s squared) x d = 225 m/s squared = d = 11.47 m The answer is yes! The ball will hit the ceiling as it will travel 11.47 m. Heres another similar problem: A ball is deflected vertically at 18 m/s and the ceiling height is 11 meters. Will the ball hit the ceiling? Factors affecting projectile motion We have discussed several factors that affect the movement (or acceleration) of an object. The factors that affect vertical acceleration are the mass of the object, the force (speed) of release and gravity. Horizontal acceleration is affected only by mass and force of release (application). Gravity is of course a factor but not in determining its horizontal component. But sometimes we want to throw objects e.g. discus, hammer, etc. and while these projectiles are influenced by force and mass, there are other factors that influence how far the projectile will travel. We generally recognize three other factors that influence how far a projectile will travel when a constant force is applied. They are: 1. Angle at which projectile is released. 2. The speed of release. 3. The height of release. The optimum angle of release to increase horizontal displacement is 45 °. Projectiles released at over or below this angle will not reach their greatest distance. Look at Table 1 to see how distance traveled varies with changing angles of release. You will see from table 1 that the optimum angle of release is 45 ° and after that the decrease in distance traveled is symmetrical as height compromises distance (I.e. follows the same pattern as increasing angle of release up to 45 °). The greater the speed of release the greater the distance a projectile will travel. This holds true simply because there is a greater acceleration force applied in the first place. Simply put, if you want to throw a ball further you need also to throw it harder. The greater the height of release the greater the distance a projectile will travel. If you consider field sports in athletics you will notice that most successful hammer, discus and javelin throwers are taller, giving the mecha nical advantage over shorter competitors in that event. If you were to throw a ball from the top of a building it would strike the ground much further away than it would if you were to throw it from standing on the ground. If you have watched a discuss competition or a hammer throw you might notice that these athletes are quite tall (often over 1.9m). The reason for this is that these athletes have an advantage over their shorter counterparts as their angle of release is already several centimeters higher. Summary This chapter has provided a basic introduction to the concepts of speed, acceleration and velocity. We have also looked at how differentiating between these variables is important and sometimes difficult. Using some known constants, such as the accelerating force of gravity (9.81 m/s2) allows us to calculate and even predict the speeds, velocities and flight paths of selected projectiles. We have also discussed other factors that affect projectile motion such as height and speed of release. While this information is very important, it is a basic introduction as there are many other more complex factors affecting speed, acceleration and velocity. We did not talk about shape or design or, indeed materials which also play a role in the way particular objects react to forces. The factors are extremely important but for now are beyond the scope of this text. Following this section are additional problems for you to solve and practice. Review Problems Can you provide a one sentence definition for each of the follow terms? Distance Displacement Acceleration Velocity Speed Position Scalar Vector A ball rolls with an acceleration of -.5 m/s 2. If it stops after 7 seconds, what was its initial speed? A wheelchair marathoner has a speed of 5m/s after rolling down a small hill in 1.5sec. If the wheelchair underwent a constant acceleration of 3 m/s 2 during the descent, what was the marathoners speed at the top of the hill? A runner completes 6.5 laps of a 400m track in 12 mins (720 secs). He starts half way around the bend. Can you calculate the following? a. Distance covered: b. Displacement after 12 minutes: c. Runners average speed: d. Runners average pace: min/mile = A soccer ball is rolling across a field. At T = 0, the ball has an instantaneous velocity of 4 m/s. If acceleration occurs at a constant -0.3 m/s2 how long will it take to stop? A batter strikes a ground ball with an instantaneous velocity of 18m/s. If acceleration occurs at -0.7m/s2 how long will it take to stop?

Intrinsic motivation Essay -- essays papers

Intrinsic motivation Young children are compelled to learn because of their natural curiosity in life. Older children seem to need a push in the direction to learn. This describes the two types of motivation. Intrinsic motivation describes the young child. It is motivation from within and the desire someone feels to complete a task, including natural curiosity. Intrinsic motivation is anything we do to motivate ourselves without rewards from an outside source. â€Å"In relation to learning, one is compelled to learn by a motive to understand, originating from their own curiosity† (Rehmke-Ribary, 2003 p.intrinsic). There are different things a teacher can do to trigger this type of motivation in students. â€Å"Some examples of intrinsic rewards are task completion, feedback or result, acquisition of knowledge or skills, and a sense of mastery† (Witzel, 2003 p.88). When intrinsic motivation is mastered in a student, extrinsic motivation becomes null. This student will now be motivated to do things for his or herself without the presence of a tangible reward. This child will have much hope for success in the future. Extrinsic motivation When a student needs that extra boost to do well in school, many times this student becomes engaged for a tangible reward of some type. This describes extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is the will to do something based on encouragement from an outside source. This type of motivation is said to not be productive for the future. Many times, teachers use extrinsic motivation in the classroom. It may be productive for that class, but the student will continue to have problems with motivation in the future. When a child completes a task or behavior based solely on a reward, t... .../cet/TAs/nuggets/sec2_4.html Nancy E. Perry, Karen O. VandeKamp, Louise K. Mercer, Carla J. Nordby. Investigating Teacher-Student Interactions That Foster Self-Regulated Learning. Educational Psychologist, Volume 37, Number 1 (March 1, 2002) Retrieved from the web on May 5, 2003 http://ernesto.ingentaselect.com/vl=2593702/cl=45/nw=1/fm=docpdf/rpsv/catchword/erlbaum/00461520/v37n1/s2/p5_s.pdf Tubman, Jonathan G. The Influence of Parental and Peer Attachment On College Students’ Academic Achievement. Psychology in the Schools, Vol. 39(5), 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley InterScience. Retrieved from the web on May 5, 2003 at http://download.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext?ID=97517456&PLACEBO=IE.pdf&mode=pdf Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary Online. 2003. Retrieved from the web on May 5, 2003 at http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary

The Impact Of Ethics On The Enron Corporation Essay -- Business Ethics

Ethics is something that is very important to have especially in the business world. Ethics is the unwritten laws or rules defined by human nature; ethics is something people encounter as a child learning the differences between right and wrong. In 2001, Enron was the fifth largest company on the Fortune 500. Enron was also the market leader in energy production, distribution, and trading. However, Enron's unethical accounting practices have left the company in joint chapter 11 bankruptcy. This bankruptcy has caused many problems among many individuals. Enron's employees and retirees are suffering because of the bankruptcy. Wall Street and investors have taken a major downturn do to the company's unethical practices. Enron's competitors and the industry have also both been affected by the bankruptcy. The U.S. economy took a sudden downturn for the worse, do to just this one company's unethical behavior. Employees Ethical decisions are guided by the underlying values of the individual. "Values are principles of conduct such as caring, honesty, keeping of promises, pursuit of excellence, loyalty, fairness, integrity, respect for others, and responsible citizenship" (Bateman, 2004). Numerous employees lost their jobs and retirement funds because of Enron's bankruptcy situation. While top executives were cashing in their stock options, knowing the company was going to fall, employees and shareholders were the ones who would take the biggest hit. One of Enron's principles was to offer their employees fair compensation through wages and other benefits; yet that did not end up being the case. While executives were selling their stock options, employees were going to be losing the money in their 401K policies since most of the emplo... ...volume (9), p. 29. Retrieved September 20, 2005, from Proquest database. Enron's Missed Opportunity. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from, http://brie.berkeley.edu/~briewww/publications/WP152.pdf Flood, M. (2005, April 26). The Fall of Enron. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/ssistory.mpl/special/enron/broadband/3153199 Kadlec, Daniel. (2002, January 13) Enron: Who's Accountable? Retrieved on September 23, 2005, from http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,193520,00.html Lashinsky, A. (2001, July 13) Enron's Own Dot-Com Bubble Finally Popped. The Street. Retrieved September 19, 2005 from http://www.thestreet.com/comment/siliconstreet/1489696.html Malveaux, J., (2002). Enron serves as wake-up call. Retrieved on September 20, 2005 from http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2002/01/25/ncguest1.htm

Effects of Safety Negligence

The Importance of Aviation Safety and The Effects of Safety Negligence Michael A. Maze Colorado Technical university Online Why Is safety of such importance throughout the aviation Industry? Throughout this discussion I will Interpret the significance safety Imposes on not only the lives of maintenance personnel but also the lives of many others, which may even include you. Air travel has been a high demand for many years now and everyone should understand how critical it is maintaining these aircraft safely really is.Everyone has eared of a helicopter or airplane crashing here and there. How many have actually sat back and thought whether these accidents could have been avoided? Truthfully some of those accidents could have been. There's not a lot we can do to prevent an aircraft from going down due to a natural occurrence, however with properly trained maintainers the event of a maintenance related failure can be greatly reduced. I will explain the roles of the Quality Assurance (Q UA) and Production Control (PC) sections of maintenance.I will further explain what needs to be required for a shop to run feely and introduce you to examples of FOOD (Foreign Objects of Debris/Damage) and the threat they pose to aircraft as well as many lives that encounter them. Shop safety plays an Important role In succeeding the goals of aviation safety. The work that any individual shop performs can turn catastrophic In the air due to safety negligence. It is imperative that all shop personnel are properly trained and certified in their areas of expertise.Ensuring that employees are familiar with the operation of their tools and using the proper PEP (Personal Protective Equipment) can erroneously reduce the risk of injury within the shop. In many areas of the aviation maintenance industry there is also exposure to hazardous chemicals and materials. Requiring employees to use all PEP In accordance with each chemical/ material's MESS (Material safety Data sheet) will reduce the risk of getting cancer and having other serious health problems throughout time. One of the biggest threats to aircraft today is the presence of FOOD (Foreign Objects of Debris/Damage).One of the most widely known cases of FOOD-related accidents that have taken place In the recent year Is jetliners flying into a flock of birds. There have been many Instances In which these large planes have struck birds therefore causing one or more of their engines to go out or malfunction. Although natural threats of FOOD cannot always be prevented, there are many things that can be done as an aircraft maintainer to prevent an accident due to negligence. Maintaining accountability of the tools you take on and off the aircraft and practicing clean work play a huge role in the prevention of FOOD-related accidents.It is always good to keep In your mind the burden you will face due to your act of negligence and that any debris left behind could cause a catastrophic failure. N any company there can be a vast number to aircraft in their delete. T Production Control office is responsible for the scheduling of phases. A phase is a period where an individual aircraft is due in for maintenance. Each aircraft has its own specified periods for phase and is scheduled in accordance to that aircraft's technical manual, based on the number of flight hours.It is important to have an updated schedule as things change and to avoid having too many aircraft in maintenance than the company can handle at once. With an overload of work you face the increased risk of safety concerns. The personnel that comprise the Production Control office play a key role in maintaining a safe working pace for the maintainers and understand the elevated risk when things fall out of schedule. Although every component of a company in the aviation maintenance industry is important, the most important is the technical inspectors who make up the Quality Assurance section of the company.These inspectors have to have a va st knowledge of the work that is performed on each aircraft. After a maintainer completes their task, the inspector must follow behind ensuring that everything was done in accordance to that aircraft's technical manual. They must then verify that the quality of the work performed meets all specifications. Finally, they must verify that there is not any FOOD left on the aircraft before the task can be signed off as good. The Quality Assurance office is ultimately responsible for every repair done to the aircraft as they sign each individual task off.However in all reality every person involved, from the maintainer to the technical inspector, is responsible for enforcing safety procedures. They are responsible for making sure that the aircraft we fly in everyday are safely maintained and safe to fly. After reading this essay I hope that you have a better understanding of the importance of safety in the aviation industry. The effects of negligence can be vastly reduced when people are more knowledgeable in the subject, therefore reducing the amount of accidents caused by gelignite.

Speech of Introduction

The Speech of Introduction Name Class Time Introduction A. Acknowledge the Audience & Occasion: Good Morning foreign exchange students of Auburn University. I would like to welcome all of you to Auburn University first annual Foreign Exchange Student seminar B. Attention Getter: Our speaker for today Is smart, dedicated, and multi-talented young lady. C. Theses/Preview: It Is my pleasure to do the honor of Introducing all of you to SQL.I will inform you about her introspection on being a foreign exchange student, and her assign and interest for painting. Body (Establish Speaker's Credibility) A. Foreign Exchange: 1) Sin Is a part of the 1-2-1 program where she will be able to receive two degrees from each Troy University and Yuan Nan University In China. 2) Sin Is currently on her second year of college. 3) SQL enjoys being an International student, and her reasons for why are to vaults America and experience the extravagant American lifestyle. ) Sin also enjoys the traveling to and from America (All 20 hours of it) 5) Although there are many airdrops of being a foreign exchange student and English being her 2nd language, she loves the experience and suggests you make lots and lots of friends but most importantly to work hard and study hard. Transition: Now that I have examined Sin's insights on being a Foreign exchange student, I will now contemplate on her love for painting. B. 1) 2) Appalling SQL Is a very talented and dedicated painter In high school, she was an important member to the Art Club for 2 years 3) Show for Painting when she was a senior. ) She loved painting so much that she achieved a Job as a Painting teacher so that she could devote her time and passions into teaching children how to paint. Conclusion A. Cue/Review: In conclusion, now that I have given you insights on our speakers experiences and passion for painting B. Welcome Speaker/Topic: Please help me welcome Sin Sheen, who will offer her wisdom on being a foreign exchange student, with a round of applause. Delivery A. Eye contact B. Gestures C. Enthusiastically variety D. Time A. Acknowledge the Audience: Good Morning foreign exchange students of Troy University.B. Occasion: I would like to welcome all of you to Troy University first annual Foreign Exchange Student seminar C. Attention Getter: Our speaker for today is smart, dedicated, and multi-talented D. Thesis: It is my pleasure to do the honor of introducing all of you to Sin Sheen. Her passion and interest for painting. 1) Sin is a part of the 1-2-1 program where she will be able to receive two degrees from each Troy University and Yuan Nan University in China. 2) Sin enjoys being an foreign exchange student because of the American lifestyle and the traveling to and from America.All 20 hours of it) 3) Although there are many hardships of being a foreign exchange student and English being her 2nd language, she loves the experience and suggests you make lots and lots of friends but most importantly to work ha rd and study hard. 1) Sin is a very talented and dedicated painter. 2) she was an important member of her school's Art Club for 2 years 3) Her most substantial moment of being a painter was winning 1st prize in her schools Art Show. 4) She loved painting so much that she once devoted her time into teaching younger kids to paint.

Judgment of Paris Essay

Two actors from Paris, Robichon and Quinquart, fall in love with a woman, their co-star on stage. The trouble is, the lady loves both the men! Finally she devised a plan – she would marry the one whom the Parisians awarded the best actor title. How will they judge the two actors? Bit/Bits Robichon and Quinquart were two comedy actors in Paris and Suzanne was a beautiful actress in their troupe. The two actors loved Suzanne and Suzanne loves the two of them alike. When she was pressed from both the sides, Suzanne had to agree to marry one and consider the other as friend. (I wonder, who made it a law that one should marry only one!) Suzanne leaves the decision to the Paris audience. Whomever the audience chose as the best actor, she will marry him! Now the big question arises – how will Paris choose the best actor? How? How? While the two actors were seriously thinking and discussing about this, they had a visitor. Jacques Roux. Jacques Roux was once an executioner – an official who executed convicted criminals under the guillotine. Now that Jacques Roux had retired from service and is spreading the awareness that capital punishment was a crime against humanity. He wanted his message to be spread through dramatic monologues. Because Jacques had stage-fright, he seeks Robichon’s help and the latter agrees. Robichon enacted Jacques’ role in front of the Paris audience and everyone was spell bound. Suzanne was almost Robichon’s. At this, Quinquart counteracts. He disguises as Marquis de Thevenin, a judge, and invites Robichon to dine with him. During the meeting the Marquis (Quinquart) informs Robichon that he (Robichon) was going to die of the poisoned wine he had taken as a punishment for wrongly sentencing his son. Robichon believes this and is outwitted. Paris chooses Quinquart as the better actor and the judgment goes in favor of Quinquart. Summary What happens if two equally talented actors in Paris (or anywhere else) want to marry the same woman? This was a haunting question that Robichon and Quinquart had to answer because the two actors wanted to marry the beautiful Suzanne. When the duo failed to resolve the issue, Suzanne said, â€Å"Let Paris  decide.† â€Å"But how will Paris decide?† they asked. â€Å"By your performance!,† she replied. That was again another problem. They were like Aamir Khan and Sha Rukh Khan or like Mohanlal and Mammootty or Will Smith and Sylvester Stallone! No, I am wrong – they were comedians. They were like, like, yeas, Charley Chaplin and Johny Lever (I am not good at comparison!) By the way, students of Functional English, I do not have your text. If you send me the scanned/photographed copies of chapters, I can publish those chapters too. So, Robichon and Quinquart had to find a more convincing way to stand above the other. While they were thinking of this, they had a visitor – a retired executioner, and his name was Jacques Roux. You know that an executioner’s job is to kill the criminals whom the court sentences to death. In Paris execution is carried out by a guillotine, a terrible machine whose suspended blade falls on the culprit’s neck. Jacques Roux was disillusioned so he wanted to spread awareness in France about the cruelty of capital punishment. Being no good speaker (he had stage fright), Jacques Roux requested Robichon and Quinquart to do that for him. Without much thinking, Robichon accepted the offer and in a couple of days he gave a terrible shock to the Parisian audience as Jacques Roux but what Quinquart did was more than a shock. You will find that in the analysis section. â€Å"Alas!† persisted the newcomer, â€Å"with me time presses. I, too, am considering my latest part–and it will be the only speaking part I have ever played, though I have been ‘appearing’ for twenty years.† 1. ​​What does Jacques Roux mean by his latest parts? Jacques Roux was an ex-executioner who had resigned from his profession to spread the message that capital punishment was evil by telling the audience of the horrors of the post he had resigned. By his latest part, Jacques Rous meant this. 2. ​What does Jacques Roux refer to the ‘only speaking part’ that he had ever played? Jacques Roux was an ex-executioner. While he was an executioner, he never had a speaking part to do. All he had to do was to see the guillotine blade killed the convict in the best way, without a word. As he resigned from his profession for the horror of it, he was now aiming the stage to tell the world of the horror of capital punishment, the only speaking part in his life. 3. ​Why did Robichon take an acute interest in Jacques Roux’s case? On listening to Jacques Roux’s story and his intentions in life, Robichon thought of performing his story as to prove his acting skills for marrying Bruette. questions 1. Why do you think that Robichon and Quinquart were the best of actors?Robichon and Quinquart were the most loved comedians of Paris. Their very presence on the stage made the audience fall with laughter. When the fat Robichon merely opened his mouth, people started laughing and when the skinny Quinquart remained silent, the audience could not stop laughing. 2. Why did Robichon and Quinquart plague Miss Brouette? How did she solve this crisis? Both Robichon and Quinquart loved Miss Suzanne Brouette as she loved them, flirted with them and had passion for them. But when she was asked to choose one of them as her husband, she could not take a decision. She solved this crisis by asking them to prove their skills on the stage and be judged by the Paris audience. 3. What were the practical difficulties for Paris being the judge? There were two practical difficulties for Paris being the judge. If the usual Paris audience was to be the judge, the two actors should stage their performance on the same stage, same theater but the authorities would not allow them to play serious roles as they had always been identified with comic roles. Besides, both Robichon and Quinquart were equally loved and admired by the Parisians. 4. What brought the friendship of Quinquart and Robichon to a halt because they were both men of the world? Because Quinquart and Robichon were men of the world with emotions, they had both fallen in love with the fair Mademoiselle Brouette, their companion on the stage and for the very same reason, none of them could sacrifice his love for his friend. 5. Why was it necessary that the two actors remained funny till either they reached their death-bed or they demonstrated the supremacy of one of them? The two actors, Quinquart and R obichon, were determined to woo their companion actress Brouette by establishing their acting caliber above the other for the judgment of their Paris audience. 6. â€Å"Our only hope lies in versatility – the conqueror must distinguish in a solemn part.† What did Robichon mean by this? Why were Robichon and Quinquart pleased to accept this? Robichon and Quinquart were the best of comedians and no one had a doubt on this, therefore proving their skills in  handling serious roles as well was important. Robichon agreed to this idea because he knew that the audience would never accept his rival Quinquart as a serious actor because his very presence made the audience laugh. Quinquart was glad to accept this idea because he believed that a man like Robichon with his very heavy body would not get the sympathy of the audience. 7. Why did Quinquart readily agree with Robichon to play tragedy? Quinquart readily agreed to play a tragedy role because he believed that he could better than Robichon because the latter happened to be a fat man for whom playing a serious role was difficult and unlikely. 8. Why did Robichon think that doing a serious role was not going to be easy for the two actors? Robichon was of the opinion that the management of the theatre for which they had been hired and employed would not allow them do an off-track role, a change from comedy to tragedy. Besides, the two had been successful in comedy and the audience would not accept them doing solemn roles. 9. â€Å"There are Robichon and Quinquart, how amusing they always are!† What is ironical about this public opinion? For Paris people both Robichon and Quinquart were their dear comedians and therefore they could never think that they too had pains and sufferings. While they were amused to see them, the comedians were going through one of their hardest trials as to how to win their lady by defeating each other which was almost impossible. 10. Why did Robichon suggest performing off stage? Why was doing an off-the-usual stage performance not a good idea? Robichon, seeing that the two are equally good at acting and were loved by their usual audience for whom they played, because their audience would not choose a better actor, thought it wise to performing privately off-stage. Though this appeared to be a good idea, Quinquart found it not serving the desired purpose because their performance was to be judged by Paris. 11. Who was Jacques Roux? What did he want to tell the world? Why did he seek Robichon’s help? Jacques Roux was once a public executioner whose profession was to behead criminals under the guillotine. Having abandoned his profession because he believed capital punishment was evil, he wished to spend the rest of his life spreading this message on stage. Though he was determined to do so and having got an audience at Appeville-sous-Bois, he found it hard to perform for an audience due to stage-fright. He approached Robichon and Quinquart seeking advices to solve his fear on the stage. 12. â€Å"Across the sunlit terrace seemed to have fallen the black shadow of  guillotine.† How does this statement explain the mood? Jacques Roux was once an executioner though he abandoned the profession. He was a guillotine operator, a man who cared for the precision of the guillotine and accuracy of the blade-fall, so his presence reminded of the shadow of the guillotine. 13. Why did Robichon speak dramatically about Jacques Roux’s story? Having decided to do the very dramatic role for Jacques Roux, Robichon thought of convincing Roux of his acting skills. By dramatically speaking like this, he placed himself at a position of asking Roux to let him perform for him. 14. What was ‘queer’ about Jacques Roux suffering from stage fright? Jacques Roux was once a public executioner. His profession was to kill convicted criminals under guillotine without the speck of feelings. Even though he later awakened to a conscience stricken man, it was queer to think t hat he had stage fear. 15. Why did Robichon ask Mr. Jacques Roux if he was known to his audience? Robichon was determined to enact the role that Jacques Roux was to play at Appeville-sous-Bois so he wanted to know if the audience could recognize him when Robichon impersonated Jacques Roux. 16. Why did Jacques Roux agree to let Robichon play his part at Appeville-sous-Bois? Jacques Roux was a changed man though he was once an executioner. He wanted to spread the message that capital punishment was itself a crime against humanity. He agree to let Robichon play the role for him because in that way his message could reach the audience in the best way and he could earn five hundred francs for not doing his role on the stage. 17. Why did Suzanne make more of Quinquart after she heard about Robichon’s prospect of winning her? Though it is not very clear if Suzanne rejoiced at the prospect of Robichon’s winning her, she was found moving and talking with Quinquart more than usual which suggests her ex pression of love for Quinquart. It was likely that she was aware of the fact that she had very little time left to spend with him before getting married to the worthier Robichon. 18. How did Suzanne and Quinquart respond to Robichon’s performance? Sitting with the audience, watching Robichon’s performance, Suzanne felt relieved that Robichon hadn’t been able to strike the right note and that he hadn’t been able to impress the audience while Quinquart remarked that Robichon was amusing the audience for the contrasting effect. 19. What makes you think that Robichon’s performance as Jacques Roux was a great success that sealed his victory over Quinquart? Robichon’s playing the role of Jacques Roux,  from a pleasant note to a gruesome, hideous performance held the audience’ breath even after he ended and the curtain fell. Enumerating the horrors of the condemned criminals along with his shouting that he was a murderer and sob that accompanied his cry left a pin-drop silence in the hall. The fact that the audience didn’t clap at the end of his performance, that he withdrew amid tense silence and the rush of the press representatives placed the crown on Robichon’s success. 20. Why did Quinquart generously congratulate his rival even after the latter had defeated him in the test? Robichon’s performance was remarkable and deserved the praises even of his enemies but it was not for this reason that Quinquart congratulated Robichon. Being very smart, Quinquart had devised a plan to counter Robichon and he was confident that his plan would work as he envisaged. 21. Why was Robichon amazed on reaching the Marquis’ house? Robichon had expected the residence of a typical Marquis but it was more or less like a lodging. He was admitted by a peasant and was led into an ordinary room. 22. Why did Quinquart put on a lot of make-up while impersonating the imaginary Marquis Thevenin? Quinquart was very much known to his companion Robichon so appearing in front of him as an old man was definitely risky. To make sure he would not be recognized, Quinquart put on a load of make-up so that Robichon will feel sympathy for the old man rather than suspicion. 23. What do you figure out about the exact reason why the Marquis had been late? The character of Marquis Thevenin, the most significant role played by Quinquart to defeat his companion Robichon to win Suzanne, demanded considerable effort. Quinquart had to manage all that make-up during his journey to the lodging where his character had to meet Robichon who too would travel to this destination at the same time. To ease his efforts, to make time for his make-up, Quinquart had to give the excuse that he had been to his doctor. 24. How did Quinquart play his role of Marquis Thevenin? Quinquart made a crafty plot to give the biggest shock to his companion and rival, Robichon. Dressed as an old Marquis, infirm and broken hearted, he invited Quinquart who made himself known as Jacques Roux, an ex-executioner who resigned his post because of his late realization that capital punishment was a crime. Having served his guest a cup of wine, Quinquart – the Marquis – informed the ‘ex-executioner’ that the wine was poisoned to  kill him to avenge his son’s execution by his hands. However, Quinquart brought an end to his scary drama by revealing his identity.

Living in a multicultural society takes time Essay

‘Living in a multicultural society takes time.’ To what extend is this illustrated by the challenge of multicultural societies in the UK? (40) A multicultural society is the status of several different ethnic, racial, religious or cultural groups coexisting in harmony in the same society. From the early 19th century people have immigrated to England, developing its diversity. During World War 2 polish and Jewish people immigrated to the UK to escape fascism. Also as the UK is part of the European Union, free and fair movement between the 28 member states means that there are no limits on immigration between these countries. This has seen it compulsory for the UK to adapt and change in order to accommodate for these individuals. For different ethnic minorities to coexist in harmony time is imperative, groups of different people will never coexist harmoniously over night. This is evidenced by holiday and school timetables being altered for ethnic minority groups, opportuni ties for people to learn English for free and websites being available in other languages. The vast majority of immigrants to the UK have settled in the industrial cities and towns as there is a demand for workers. Consequently, councils then have to work to help integrate these ethnic minorities into the communities, limiting tensions that may occur as a result of groups of people lacking understanding of each other. For example, Birmingham city council has created a festival to promote and express culture within Birmingham. Using twitter and other social media they have emphasised ‘your postracial is a myth #itooambirmingham’ this is the idea that no matter what ethnic group you originate from are equal and almost labelling Birmingham as an ethnic group with no specific image. This integrates ethnic minorities in to society and creates a sense of community by almost blurring the lines between people differences. The process of integration takes time, therefore supporting the statement. However, some council’s are better than others at creating a sense of community and educating their population about different cultures; moreover councils are not literally able to force peo ple to be accepting of change. This issue can create racial tensions. In 2005 Riots started in Birmingham initially due to the alleged rape of a Jamaican girl. Violence erupted between gangs of Black and Asians; Isiah Young-Sam was stabbed and later died as a result. Even though Birmingham council have worked to create a sense of community between ethnic minorities, it did not stop gangs fighting for revenge. This  may suggest that council’s efforts are rendered ineffective and ethnic groups in society will never coexist harmoniously, because these groups still see themselves as different and don’t completely understand each other which consequently cause tensions. This racial violence can then cause other ethnic groups to resent the groups that were involved because they are seen as unpleasant trouble makers causing more of a divide. Furthermore, political parties like UKIP and the BNP feed off this negative image created and demonstrate intolerance towards others. In times of crisis people may lo ok to more extreme parties and favour them as they believe government is ineffective. Another issue that the UK faces due to the development of multicultural societies is in education. Holiday patterns, school meals and school timetable may need to be altered for ethnic minorities groups. Religious holidays may demand time off school, the English school holiday is based on the Christian calendar, but people of different religions such as Islam celebrate at different times. For example schools in Tower Hamlet are now allowed two days off to celebrate Eid. School meals have to be altered for Muslims as they can only eat Halah meat and no pork so an alternative needs to be given. Furthermore, prayers occur on Friday afternoons, in Oxford Spire Academy in Oxfordshire pupils are allowed to travel to the mosque on Cowley road during lunch to attend prayers, if they are too young to travel alone there is a prayer room located onsite. The school adapting to changes in requirements shows they are accepting of a multicultural society, it has taken time to cater for these differing ethnic minorities. On the other hand, faith schools have developed in some areas to teach children according to a particular religion. Faith schools make up around a third of the education system. This limits choice for parents who do not want a religious education for their children, or do not share the faith of their local school. For example, in hackney Lubavitch Senior Girls’ School is a strictly orthodox, small secondary school for girls only. Liberal secularists argue that faith schools have no place in a growing diverse population as they promote segregation. Children should be educated around others from all religions and cultures as it is a truer representation of society. Moreover, enclaves of ethnic minorities are likely to locate near a school of their own faith this demotes integration and interaction within the community, resulting in a lack of understanding of others which consequently can cause racial tensions. Conservative people would argue that parents should have the right to bring a child according to religion and they should be able to continue to practise the religion at school. Faith schools demote integration with others who do not share the same beliefs; this is evidence to show that as long as there is faith schools in the UK ethnic minorities will never coexist in harmony. In the 1970’s and 80’s ethnic minorities were subject to racial discrimination in the workplace. Racial discrimination is still present today but it is declining slowly, Of the Civil Service employees in March 2014 who declared their ethnicity, 10.1% were from an ethnic minority, an increase of 0.5 percentage points on March 2013. 7.5% of these people are of senior civil service. This suggests that the UK has changed and become more accepting of other ethnic minorities, giving them access to promotions and roles with more power. Some people would argue work places reflect society and there is still more work to do to protect ethnic minorities’ from discrimination and enable them to progress in their jobs. This slow change in decreasing racial discrimination has taken time and will continue to need help to completely abolish racial discrimination. Although, there are still incidents of worker exploitation and discrimination in the UK. A poultry farmer had to pay over  £5,000 in compensation to a Polish worker who also won a case of racial discrimination. The worker, who had not been paid the same as his British co-workers, was unreasonably criticised over his work and was not allowed to attend English classes. The Polish Embassy stated that number of Polish workers in Britain was between 500,000-600,000. The amount of polish migrants who have settled in the UK increased after Poland joined the European Union, as the minimum wage in Poland is half of the UK meaning workers are prepared to work for less and longer than a native British worker. This is appealing to an employer’s as low skilled jobs become cheap labour as the migrants are prepared to work for less, some companies then take advantage of this and there have been examples were breaks are not given or employees are being paid less than the minimum wage. This suggests that immigrants can be vulnerable and some don’t even realise that how they are being treated is wrong. It could be argued that ethnic groups will never live harmoniously as there will always be a way to exploit immigrants. On the other hand, if all immigrants were educated of their rights it would  make it a lot harder for employer’s to take advantage of them as the person would know right from wrong. Some UK-born people may completely disagree with the statement. This is because some unemployed may feel that the immigrants are ‘taking their jobs’ as they are prepared to work for less than them and an employer favours this and not investing in our country as they may be sending money back to their families. However others may argue that they are just benefit tourists and they have only come to live off the state as the welfare system in their country is not as generous. In times of crisis (housing, economic) anti-immigration parties feed of the negative image painted for immigrants and the people which have these crisis’s hit them the hardest may decide to support them. Parties like UKIP and the English Defence league promote intolerance towards others this can influence people to stop trying to accept other ethnic minorities. In conclusion, I think there are many challenges of multicultural societies in the UK and some are easier to overcome than others. I strongly believe that living in a multicultural society harmoniously does and will still take time. People need time to accept change and some people will never accept it but as time goes on generations are taught to be tolerant of others. Councils holding events to educate everyone about the different religions, cultures and ethnicity can bring a sense of community and help ethnic groups understand each other. However, I feel as if there will always be obstacles such as faith schools and scapegoating different groups of people but it is the attitudes of society towards these obstacles that will allow for everyone to coexist harmoniously.

Joseph Rudyard Kipling Essay

The study room was surprisingly empty. The door was crying out for some one to come open it. The papers lying on the table were rustling out loud, almost as if giving a signal to use them. Beside were pens lying and whispering for someone to pick them up. The chair was looming for someone to come and use it for comfort. Slowly the door opens with a crack. There, enters a man: always with a look of confidence and pride showing away to everyone. A man loved by everyone for his work which was presented to the public. This person was none other then Kipling: a poet, novelist and not to forget an â€Å"imperialist†. The time period was around the 18th century when British established their rule over India. Another term for taking over was known as IMPERIALSIM: when a strong nation like British takes over a weaker region like India. Once they take over, they dominate the regions politically, economically and culturally (Imperialism 8). As every country wants to keep their own culture and have their own rule, India was against British rule. The only people who supported them were the Sikhs. When countries took over foreign lands, they expected the natives to practice their culture inferior to their own (Imperialism 9). This was called â€Å"the white man’s burden†. Later on there was a popular poem named the same written by Kipling. Joseph Rudyard Kipling was a blessed child born to be an English writer and a Nobel Prize winner to John Lockwood Kipling: an artist, a scholar and a capable writer, and to Alice Macdonald. Kipling was a man who wrote novels, poems, and short stories, mostly set in India and Burma (now known as Myanmar) during the time of British rule. He was born on December 30, 1865 in Mumbai, India. His first name Joseph which was never used as it was his father’s father name, except for his baptism in the cathedral. His second name Rudyard was named after the place, Rudyard River where his father and mother first met. As a child of a rich family, he never got the tender love and playing time with â€Å"mother† like most middle or low class children would. Instead he was bought up by an ayah. As being raised by native servants meant affection and intimacy, and that intimacy meant, above all, that he learned their language, Hindustani (Rudyard Kipling 19). He was sent to England for better education at the age of six to a foster home. There he received unkind treatment which he later expressed in the short story â€Å"Baa Baa Black Sheep† in the novel The Light That Failed. At the age of 13, Kipling entered Services College: an institution specialized in training for entry into military academies. Unfortunately his poor eyesight and other factors shredded his hopes for a military career. He returned to India at the age of sixteen. In 1882 he started working as a journalist in Lahore for the Civil and Military Gazette: a local newspaper where he wrote and edited short stories. Gazette was an excellent way of building up the knowledge of India that was going to make him as a writer (Rudyard Kipling 42). In 1887 he was promoted to the staff of the Allahabad paper, Pioneer: a sister paper with much higher standard then the Gazette as an assistant editor. India and Kipling had been made for each other. She gave him what no other English writer was ever to experience in comparable fullness and intensity; †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. As her mark was set on him for life: with the exception of some travel pieces, seven or eight stories and a few dozen poems all his best work reflects or remembers India (Rudyard Kipling 52). This statement shows us that he had a passion for India: all the colors and sounds and smells made an impression on him that was distinctive as well as deep (Rudyard Kipling 20). Almost every novel he wrote, short stories or poems were all connected to the life he spent in India. He loved his child hood days he spent in India â€Å"give me the first six years of a child’s life and you can have the rest† (Something of myself). His novels described the setting (India) very well especially, its beauty as a country, the culture and the distinct features it has as a diverse country. Kipling was an imperialist. He believed it was right and proper for Britain to â€Å"own† India and rule the people (www. english-literature. com). He accepted the Empire as it stood and he approved the annexation of Upper Burma (Rudyard Kipling 52). He was one of the few people who approved the right of British to rule India. He wrote books and poem supporting the fact that British has the right to rule. Famous poem was â€Å"the white man’s burden† and a popular novel named â€Å"KIM†. It is a novel that embodies his attitude towards British rule in India which these days are wholly unacceptable and unpalatable (www. english-literature. com). Even though he resided in India and was an Anglo-Indian he still supported British. Though he considerable colonial experience in India as well as sympathy for Asians, his writing clearly reflects the British and imperial attitude (Rudyard Kipling 67). Enough comments were made about the novel KIM such as â€Å"a master work of imperialism †¦.. Rich and absolutely fascinating. But nevertheless profoundly embarrassing novel (Edward, www. english-literature. com). Kipling is the man who is remembered for his celebration of British imperialism and heroism in India and Burma (Rudyard Kipling, 53). He is the man who is still remembered by everyone including kids by reading his wonderful work of writings written for us. Common examples are Jungle book, KIM, famous short stories such as Rikki-Tikki-Tavi, the Naulahka are to name a few. His love for India was incomparable to any Anglo-Indian, it shown in almost every novel which had a setting of India. Kipling should be as thankful to India as India should be thankful for him. Kipling introduced a new type of story and brought out the knowledge of India more to other people around the world by having it included in his stories. He made a difference in the world of writing by producing great novels such as Barrack-Room Ballads, etc. Kipling’s life and work are extraordinary unlike those of any other English writer (Rudyard Kipling 1). He was the first Englishman to receive the Nobel Prize for literature. Kipling is man who left marks in the world of today by using his ability to remind about him and his works constantly. BIBLIOGRAPHY Book Amis, Kingsley Rudyard Kipling and his world. Great Britain, 1975 Handout given my Mr. Quan for Imperialism. Websites  http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A5316798