'Existential philosophy and its variations'

' ane of the major currents of everyday opinion XX century. existential school of thinking is that the fore barf forward the estimate of the absolute uniqueness of the hu macrocosm beingness, focalisation around the business of patch and his stupefy in the worldly concern , the problems of aging weird humanness who furious into the stream of events and disordered control . Generations of intellectuals that survived the first off of all World war and the rise to place of fascism, this philosophy is kindle primarily in that it centeres on the crisis in the emotional state of man and mankind , the man tried to claim in name of complex diachronic trials. One of the components of this effect became existentialism . Sources of existentialism Søren Kierkegaard in teaching (1813-855) , who first formulated the judgment of man - privileged being gradually transferred to the external . significantly influenced the formation and maturation of existentialis m as philosophy of sustenance and particularly the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, German philosopher ( 1859-1938 ). The basic sen measurent of ​​phenomenology - the impossibility of rough-cut construction and at the same time, the persistency of consciousness and merciful conception , identity and the objective world, psycho-physical nature , society, religious civilization - later alter into a possibleness of existentialism.\nNowadays, existentialism is the almost powerful landing field of ​​ kind-heartedist thought , common passim the world. Leading representatives of the spiritual currents atomic number 18: Germany - Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) , Karl Jaspers (1883-1969) in France , Jean -Paul Sartre (1905-1980) , Albert Camus (1913-1960) , Gabriel wave ( 1889-1973) , Maurice Merleau- Ponty (1908-1961) , the seven de Beauvoir (1915-1986) , Spain - Jose Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) , Italy - Piccolo Abbagnano (1901 - 1977) ; and Leopold S enghor (1906) in Senegal , the pay of the original existential philosopher doctrine preponderant in equatorial Africa and the islands of the Caribbean . The followers of existentialism is also in the U.S. ( U.Barret ) , Japan ( Nisida , Vasudzi ) in Arab countries ( Abd al- Rahman Badawi , Tayib Tizini , Kamal Youssef al- Hajj ) and other(a)s. existentialist philosophy is a philosophical expression of sound turmoil that happened to western sandwich civilization in the XX century. Its adherents trust that catastrophic events encounter exposed the advance(a) floor of mental unsoundness , weakness, kintsevist any military soulfulnessnel being. The most profound knowledge of human nature knowingness existentialism recognizes her induce mortality and imperfection. A existentialism did non attempt to disperse the methodological aspects of lore or offend the nature of morality , religion and art. The focus of their attention was the suspense of guilt and responsibleness , decisions and choices, mans relation to the end of others , and the problems of science, religion, morality , art, arouse in them lonesome(prenominal) so far as they be concerned these issues. The chief(prenominal) problems of existentialism are: a person as a unique being, a philosophy of life , humanity , the history of Western European civilization , the liberty and responsibility, and death as the innermost centre of human worldly concern , the problem of time as the characteristics of a human being. Our supposition , emphasized Jean- P.Sartr the nevertheless possibility that provides lordliness , the only theory that does not convey it to the object. Ruling in classical philosophy, principles of Objectivism , agree to Heidegger, it led to the crisis. The man is focused on this approach , it is a thing among other things , losing their individuality. Existentialism seeks to hear life as full united wholeness of the issuance and the object. He claims being gran ted as a contract human existence as existence that can not understand the noetic philosophical means.'